refinement

英 [rɪˈfaɪnmənt]

美 [rɪˈfaɪnmənt]

n.  (精细的)改进，改善; 改良品; 经过改进的东西; 精炼; 提炼; 提纯

复数：refinements　

TOEFLIELTSTEM8医学

Collins.1 / BNC.8664 / COCA.10637

牛津词典

noun

• （精细的）改进，改善
  a small change to sth that improves it
  1. This particular model has a further refinement.
     这一款式又有了进一步的改进。
• 改良品；经过改进的东西
  a thing that is an improvement on an earlier, similar thing
  1. The new plan is a refinement of the one before.
     新计划比原计划有改进。
• 精炼；提炼；提纯
  the process of improving sth or of making sth pure
  1. the refinement of industrial techniques
     工业技术的进一步提高
  2. the refinement of uranium
     铀的提炼
• 优雅；礼貌；有教养
  the quality of being polite and well educated and able to judge the quality of things; the state of having the sort of manners that are considered typical of a high social class
  1. a person of considerable refinement
     很有教养的人
  2. an atmosphere of refinement
     优雅的气氛

柯林斯词典

• N-VAR 完善;修正;改进
  Refinementsare small changes or additions that you make to something in order to improve it.Refinementis the process of making refinements.
  1. Older cars inevitably lack the latest safety refinements.
     老款的汽车难免缺少经过改进的最新安全保护装置。
  2. ...development and refinement of the game.
     比赛的发展和改进
• N-UNCOUNT 彬彬有礼;有教养
  Refinementis politeness and good manners.
  1. ...a girl who possessed both dignity and refinement.
     既有尊严又有教养的女孩

双语例句

• The grain refinement and formation of intermetallic play an important role for improving the performance in the laser cladding layer.
  激光熔覆层中的晶粒细化和金属间化合物的形成对性能的提高起到重要作用。
• She's the personification of culture and refinement.
  她是文化和教养的化身。
• In this new system, the balance between resistance to damage and flexibility has been raised to a new level by means of a sophisticated refinement of the coating.
  在这一系统中，通过对涂层精密的改进，使得涂层在抗损性和柔韧性的平衡达到了一个新的水平。
• This will allow for further refinement and manipulation of form elements.
  这允许进一步细化和操作表单元素。
• With some more tests and refinement our method could in future be applied on a bigger scale.
  随着进一步的试验和方法的改进，在将来这种方法将广泛运用。
• A high degree of taste and refinement formed by aesthetic and intellectual training.
  通过美学和智力训练而形成的高品味和文雅。
• The quality of lacking taste and refinement.
  缺乏品位和文雅的性质。
• The cultivation of personality is both moral and aesthetic, and it requires both scholarship and refinement.
  性格的创造是道德上和审美上的问题，而且同时需要学识和风雅。
• All the elegance, all the refinement of high society was gathered there.
  上流社会的所有高雅和精致都被集中在那儿。
• In the paper the development of the refinement and modification of montan wax is reviewed.
  本文对蒙旦蜡的精制与改性进行了综述。