读书笔记,是指人们在阅读书籍或文章时,遇到值得记录的东西和自己的心得、体会,随时随地把它写下来的一种文体。的小编精心为您带来了读书笔记标准格式【精选8篇】,您的肯定与分享是对小编最大的鼓励。
它是人们在读书时为帮助记忆而写的一种应用文体。
自古以来,我国的文人、学者都很重视做笔记。这既是消化书本知识的有效手段,又可以积累有用的材料,训练思维的逻辑性和条理性,提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。
结合前人的写作,想谈三种写法。一种叫“提要钩玄”,一种叫“采花酿蜜”,一种叫“开山铸铜”。
以下是几种常见的方法,希望能够对你有帮助:
⑴、心得笔记,也叫读后感。即记录自己读完一本书或一篇文章后的体会和感想。可以着重谈一点或几点自己感受最深的体会,可以对正确观点补充发挥,或对某一错误观点加以分析、评论和批判。
⑵、摘录笔记。就是把书籍或文章中一些重要的观点,精采的描写,或与自己的学习有密切联系的词句或数字材料,按照原文准确地摘录下来,便于查找应用。
⑶、提纲笔记。就是把一篇文章的内容和结构分段写成提纲,以便于分清文章的层次,抓住中心,记住要点。
⑷、提要笔记。即把一篇文章的基本内容提纲挈领地写下来,以便于我们理解、记住全文的内容,锻炼分析和综合的能力,也有助于复习、参考。
My mother gave me a set of little Newton Science Museum, which won the Taiwan Golden Tripod award. I cant wait to read such a good science book.
Through the story in the Science Museum of little Newton, I learned a lot about the history of money, the evolution of the earth, pandas, seahorses, volcanoes, and so on. After the book, I asked us to do experiments by ourselves.
I want to read more books to enrich myself, because books are the ladder of human progress. My mother told me that reading more than ten thousand volumes, writing if God, I want to read more good books, so that I can be more and more intelligent!
During this term, I have read a novel The Red and the Black. The novel was written by the French writer Stendhal in the 19th century. Marie·Henri Beyle, better known by his pen name Stendhal, was one of the critical realism French writers in the 19th century 。 The military and theatrical worlds of the First French Empire were a revelation to Beyle. Known for his acute analysis of his characters’ psychology and reflection of society, he is considered one of the earliest and foremost practitioners of realism in his two novels Le Rouge et le Noir (The Red and the Black, 1830) and La Chartreuse de Parme (The Charterhouse of Parma, 1839)。 Stendhal laid down for himself in a diary entry of May 1804:“regard everything I’ve read to date about man as a prediction; believe only what I have seen for myself. Joy, happiness, fame, all is upon it.” Futurity call it realism creation method. In France, Stendhal was the first litterateur to reveal corruption of the bourgeoisie through literature.
The novel marks the beginning of realism. André Gide said that The Red and the Black was a novel ahead of its time, that it was a novel for readers in the twentieth century. In Stendhal’s time, prose novels included dialogue and omniscient narrator descriptions; his great contribution to literary technique was describing the psychologies (feelings, thoughts, inner monologues) of the characters, resultantly he is considered the creator of the psychological novel.
The Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingways most enduring works.
Told in language of great simplicity and power,it is the story of an old Cuban fisherman,down on his luck,and his supreme ordeal——a relentless,agonizing battle with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf Hemingway recasts,in strikingly contemporary style,the classic thene of courage in the face of defeat,of personal triumph won from in 1952,this hugely successfully novella confirmed his power and presence in the literary world and played a huge part in his winning the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature. The novel is very famous in the world, so lot of people like this novel. We also studied it in our Chinese class, Hemingways novel are always interesting I like his novel much, also in his novel we can learn a lot by his meanings. It’s really a good novel for people to read.
This book was written by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry . at the beginning of story . this story present his friend—— Leon Werth when he was a little boy .at the same time,He said ’ All grown-ups were once children-- although few of them remember it.
This sentence make me puzzled, when I was reading those words’ It has done me good, because of the color of the wheat fields. Go and look again at the roses. You will understand now that yours is unique in all the world.’I wondered whether we always miss someone who should be valued or not. In our real life, we are too busy to pay more attention to something detail.
I can still remember that moment in the TV drama, the actress’face was full of tears, and I can feel, at that time ,the sadness creep into her mind intantly. her struggle to break up with her husband and she said ‘the detail break the love’.
after reading 《the little prince》 ,I believe something we gain when we grow up, it must have something we lose. If we were a kid, we would never been interrupted by it ,for the kid always focus on something the grown-ups never regard it important in this society ,but they are blinded because it is important to the mind ,maybe growing is a process to the death of mind.
读书笔记的种类很多,一般说来,可分为四大类:一是摘录式,二是提纲式,三是评论式,四是心得式。四大类又分若干种,每一种在写法上有所不同。
一、摘录式
摘录式是阅读活动中收集资料日寸最常用的记录形式。主要是为了以后开展科研活动时用。它要求准确无误地摘录原文的语句段落,还要注明出处,便于引用和核实。摘录式笔记可分为:
1.索引
索引笔记只记录文章的题目、出处。如书刊篇目名、编著者、出版年月日。如果是书,要记册、章、节,出版社名称,出版年月及版次;如果是期刊,要记期号,报纸要记年月日和版面。以备查找方便。例如:
钱仓水、郝树明主编:《教师职业技能全书。文科卷》,中国人民大学出版社,l992年9月第l版。
孙晓远:对容易混淆的数学概念的分析、,<中学生数学报、1990午6月7日第2版。
2.摘抄原文
摘抄原文就是照抄书刊文献中与自己学习、研究有关的精彩语句、段落,作为日后引用的原始材料。摘抄原文要按照原文的内容自己标上一个分类的题目,便于资料的归类和日后采用,在引文后面要注明出处。例如:
中学物理实验教学
物理教学是以实验为基础的,中学物理教材的基础知识,都是以实验为先导,逐步总结出定理、定律等规律性的知识,这是中学物理教学的重要方法,不能忽视。今后中学物理实验教学应包括三方面的内容:一是基本仪器的使用,二是根据实验原理和选用实验器材来进行物理实验,三是正确分析和处理有关的实验数据,从中得出或验证相应的规律。
王泉根:<必须加强物理实验课教学、,<山西教育>1981年第10期。
3.观点摘要
在数学教学中培养学生解题能力解题能力包括实际运算能力、空间想象能力、抽象概括能力、逻辑推理能力四个部分。
实际运算能力又可分为两部分:一是对具体数字进行运算的能力;二是对代数式和三角式进行恒等变形的能力。
空间想象能力主要通过几何题目和三角应用题得到锻炼。
抽象概括能力主要包括:1.将实际问题抽象成数学问题的能力;2.从具体的数字运算过渡到抽象的式的运算。
逻辑推理能力大致可分为条理性和灵活性两个方面。其中以庆理性为关键,同时也要注意锻炼思维的灵活性。
蒋明文:<数学函授研究>1987年第2期。
二、提纲式
提纲式笔记是用纲要的形式把书或文章的论点或主要论据,提纲挈领地记录下来,或是按原文的章节、段落层次,把主要内容扼要地写出来。提纲式笔记可分为提纲和提要两种:
1.提纲
提纲笔记要忠于原书或原文的框架体例或段落层次,对原书或全文作轮廓式的勾勒。它可以用原文的语句,也可以将自己的语言与之相结合来写。
2.提要
提要与提纲不同。提纲是逐段写出要点;提要是综合全文写出要点。
二、评论式
1.书头批注
书头批注是一种最简易的笔记作法。就是在读书时,把书中重要的地方或自己体会最深的地方,用笔在字句旁边的空白处打上个符号,或者在空白处加批注。如毛泽东在读<伦理学原理>一书时,用朱墨两种色笔在书中作了不少的圈圈点点,遇到他认为观点正确、文字优美的地方,就批上“此论颇精”、“此言甚合
我意",认为不对的地方就画‘‘×”,或批上“不通¨、“荒谬”之类词句。
这种笔记方法只能在自己的书上用,这是应当注意的。
2.评注
评注笔记,是读完读物后对它的得失加以评论,或对疑难之点加以注解。例如顾维桢捕风提影说思维>中的一段文字:
哥德尔的不完整定理。是数学史里的一个里程碑。原来在严谨的数学堡垒之中,竞有一大漏洞,而且这漏洞是无可填的。本来严谨的数学架构,以少数的公理为基础,以明确的推演为方法,导出七层宝塔似备辉煌威果来,真是美不胜收。而且高妙的数学架构,严谨之外,兼具普及性:貌似不同的事物,透过抽象
表达,往往可以归纳在同一种数学描述范围之内,看来真是放诸四海而皆;隹了。哥德尔却证明,凡是普及性高的正式逻辑系统,其中必有某些命题,是无法以这系统的逻辑去辨别其是非的。这毛病多半出在“只缘身在此山中”。
四、心得式
心得式笔记,是在读书之后写出自己的认识、感想、体会和得到的启发与收获的一种笔记。它有如下几种:
1.札记
札记也即留记,是读书时把摘记的要点和心得结合起来写成的。这种札记的形式是灵活多样的,可长可短。下面举潘述《夜半钟声到客船、为例:唐·张继<枫桥夜泊》诗共四句:
月落乌啼霜满天。江枫渔火对愁眠。
姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船。
大名鼎鼎的欧阳修对它提出过少见多怪的错误指责。他在《六一诗话>中说:
唐人有云:“姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船c”说者亦云:句对佳矣,其如三更不是打钟时!
欧阳修的“说者亦云”,事实上就是他自己的议论,不过不愿明言罢了。
夜半三更和尚庙里有没有敲钟的呢?苏州的寒山寺在唐朝时敲不敲半夜钟呢?这问题构成了张继诗句应否修改的焦点。
人们经过几番调查研究之后发现:半夜三更并非所有的和尚庙都不打钟,姑苏的寺庙在唐代是要敲分夜钟的。欧阳修说法不合乎事实。
近在六朝,就有庙宇半夜鸣钟的记载。
唐代的白居易、温庭筠等有描写半夜钟声的诗句,皇甫冉<秋夜宿严维宅、:“夜半隔山钟¨说的是会稽的情况,陈羽<梓州与温商夜别>:“隔水悠扬午夜钟",证明唐代四川的庙宇也是如此。
盖公未尝至吴中,今吴中山寺实以夜半打钟。„„唐诗纪事>卷二十五日:此地指姑苏、有夜半钟,谓之无常钟,张、继志其异耳。欧公以为语病,非也
潘述羊<写作掌故杂谈、,四川人民出版社l983年版。、
2.读后感
读后感又称读书心得。读者把自己读书后的体会、感想、收获写出来。读后感重“感",它可以是从书中领悟出来的真切的道理或精湛的思想,可以是受书中内容启发而引起的思考与联想。可以是因读书而激发出来的决心和理想,也可以是因读书而引起的对社会上某些现象的感触和评论。
好的读后感已成为报刊上常见的文章样式。写读后感。要注意以下几点:
首先,应该是从读书包括报刊、中引起的“感",离开了书,就成了别的文体。因此,读后感通常在开篇时即要表明“感"是从读什么书报而来,同时,还要载明材料出处。
其次,最好是一则读后感谈一个问题;如果内容多,感想多。可以写成几则,不要混在一起。读后感一定要中心明确,主旨集中。不管感想多么复杂,联想多么丰富,都围绕读物来引发,防止节外生枝。
I read the book of Robinson Crusoe, their captors.
Article describes multiple sailing in the whole island, Crusoe masters of extraordinary survival 28 years experience, strive for survival, show the ingenuity and a man with indomitable perseverance in the face of hardship persistent existence desire, the lonely and eager to rescue the mood. In a lonely island overcome Robinson was done with fear, a savage and said he was "on Friday, they get along with each other, then built on Friday, Crusoe one kind of warm friendship." I also enjoy the disclosure of the business concept: Crusoe each sailing and adventure has clear commercial purpose, with his own property and calculating profit, he will also oneself life the island is his territory, in addition to reveal its economic thought, I admire John Robinsons rich, more learning his strong initiative and spirit of adventure, early efforts, hard work, and perfect kindness thought!
Hello, am so glad to stand of all,I will introduce name is...,I am...years old this have many hobbies,such as: and so I like English very think English is very useful for us,because many many people in the world can speak English,if I learn it well,I can talk with them and make friends with these,I also like doing some exercises can make us is so important for us,we can not doing anything without a good health.
So,we can do exercises togher in the also like help others,when you are in trouble,I will do anything that I course,I hope you my classmates can help me the last,I wish we can become good friends and everybody can get a good result at the end !