苏州英语导游词（精选6篇）
Suzhou is one of the areas with great influence on Buddhism in China.Chongyuan temple is a famous temple in Suzhou. Chongyuan temple, originallyknown as Chongxuan temple, was built in the second year of Tianjian, Emperor Wuof Liang Dynasty (A.D. 503). It was contemporaneous with Hanshan Temple, Lingyantemple and Baosheng temple. Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty, ruled thecountry with Buddhism, and for a time he was superior to others and worshippedBuddhism all over the country. Lu Seng Zan, an official living in the secondmile northwest of Changzhou county government, immediately invited emperor LiangWu to abandon his official residence and rebuild the temple, which was namedchongyun temple. Emperor Liang Wu gladly bestowed a plaque with the title of"Chongxuan temple in Guangde, Daliang". "Chongyun" is mistaken for "Chongxuan",which is an error in the process of copying and delivering memorials. ChongyuanTemple flourished until the middle Tang Dynasty.
In 842 ad, in the second year of Huichang of Wuzong in the late TangDynasty, the biggest "extermination of Buddhism" movement in Chinese historysuddenly broke out. The court persecuted and killed the monks cruelly. A largenumber of temples in Suzhou City were destroyed. Monks moved out of the city oneafter another, and some built new temples elsewhere. There is a new Chongyuantemple in Weiting Town, thirty miles away from Suzhou city. During the qianmiaoperiod (908-932 AD), the Chongyuan temple was repaired on a large scale. Therebuilt Chongyuan temple is still a giant temple. There are two earth mountainsin front of the temple, two different stones standing in front of the court, abronze statue of wuliangshou Buddha standing in the center, and 16 Arhatsstanding on both sides. There are five other hospitals.
Chongyuan temple was renamed Chengtian temple in Song Dynasty. During thereign of Xuanhe in Song Dynasty (1119-1125 AD), it was renamed "Nengren Temple"because the imperial court prohibited the temple, temple and bridge from beingnamed after "heaven, saint, emperor and King". From Yuan Dynasty to shun Dynasty(1330-1333), Chongyuan temple was destroyed by fire. During the reign of YuanZhizheng (1341-1368 AD), it was rebuilt by the Chu monk in Yuenan and restoredto a new level. At that time, in addition to the bronze statue of wuliangshouBuddha, there were pangou great saint temple, Lingyou temple and Wanfo Pavilion.In the Qing Dynasty, because of avoiding the taboo of Emperor Kangxi Xuanye,"Xuan" was changed to "Yuan", and the name of Chongyuan temple has been used upto now. Chongyuan temple was finally destroyed during the cultural revolution inthe 1970s. Poets such as Bai Juyi, Wei Yingwu, PI Rixiu, Lu guimeng and FanChengda all chanted it.
In November, in order to further implement the party's religious policy,build a socialist harmonious society, carry forward the traditional Buddhistculture, and meet the religious needs of Buddhist believers, the restoration andreconstruction of Chongyuan temple was approved by the people's Government ofJiangsu Province, and the abbot of Hanshan Temple, Qiu Shuang, was also theabbot. On November 17, __X, the grand opening ceremony was held. The restorationand reconstruction of Chongyuan Temple fills the gap that there is no temple inthe east of the ancient city of Suzhou. After completion, Chongyuan temple hasbecome a beautiful scenic spot in Suzhou Industrial Park.
According to the five principles of "classics have basis, history hasinheritance, art has innovation, convenience has characteristics, and functionhas induction", the newly built Chongyuan temple has made careful planning.Chongyuan temple, which reappears in front of people's eyes, covers an area ofmore than 300 mu and is located in the beautiful Yangcheng Lake peninsula. Thewater Guanyin Pavilion and the main temple area echo each other, showing thecharacteristics of the largest Guanyin Taoist temple in Jiangdong. The statue ofgreat mercy Guanyin in the Guanyin Pavilion is 33 meters high. It is made of 88tons of bronze. The surface of the statue is covered with gold. Its Dharmaappearance is extremely solemn. It is the highest indoor Guanyin in China.Besides the outdoor Guanyin in Emei Mountain, it is the second highest in China.There is the largest Mahatma hall in China. The first Sanskrit bell of the TangDynasty is suspended in the bell tower, and the largest copper cavity leatherdrum in China is placed in the drum tower. There are a large number of Buddhas,Bodhisattvas and Vajrayana in the temple, which reproduces the elegant demeanorof Chongyuan temple in that year, and makes it a Buddhist temple with threetreasures of Buddha, Dharma and monk.
Puji bridge, Lianhua Island, Guanyin Pavilion and liuguanyin Templeconstitute the pure land world, which is solemn and complete. Buddhistactivities should be prepared in time. It is an ideal place for believers tomake vows, repent and pray. In the Guanyin Pavilion, there are 9999 smallGuanyin that can be provided for. The dizang hall and nihongcangdian hall offermemorial tablets for the dead and the extended life for many years, andregularly hold Buddhist and Dharma meetings. Every year, the "global Chinesereunion" in the Mid Autumn Festival and the "head worship" in the SpringFestival are both large-scale activities that Chongyuan Temple strives to build,such as Li Ru FA, which are deeply praised by the majority of tourists andbelievers.
Reconstruction of Chongyuan Temple
In November, the general office of Jiangsu Provincial People's governmentand Suzhou Municipal People's Government approved the reconstruction ofChongyuan temple. The reconstructed Chongyuan temple is located in Chenyan Bay,Yangcheng Island, Weiting Town, Suzhou Industrial Park. The newly builtChongyuan temple will respect history, display culture, adjust measures to localconditions, make scientific and flexible planning and layout by using theexisting water network, vegetation and other topography, and try to retain thenatural landscape, so as to reflect the existing rural scenery andcharacteristic waterscape of the base. The planning layout is in line with theBuddhist concept and traditional habits, while taking into account the needs ofmodern Buddhist temples in educating the public, personnel training, Buddhistresearch and other uses.
The design and construction orientation of the whole project is thecombination of religion and tourism, history and reality, retro and innovation,environmental protection and development, culture and research. As the largesttemple complex in the south of the Yangtze River, Chongyuan Temple aims to beexcellent and pass down from generation to generation, providing a broader spacefor communication and development for the inheritance and development ofBuddhism and traditional culture and charity in Suzhou. The design of Chongyuantemple has a high starting point, ancient architectural form, novel creativity,and strong participation in architectural space. The reconstruction plan andconstruction of Chongyuan temple have achieved five principles: classics havebasis, history has inheritance, righteousness has innovation, convenience hascharacteristics, and function has induction.
The reconstructed Chongyuan temple covers an area of more than 300 mu. Thewhole project is divided into four parts: temple area, Guanyin island area,Buddhist Culture Park area and commercial area. Guanyin island will present thelargest 33 meter high Guanyin statue in China. After the reconstruction of theChongyuan temple, the water Guanyin temple, the Chongyuan Zen temple and thepharmacist tower echo each other, and cooperate with the Buddhist culturalattractions to build a Buddhist cultural area with the purpose of caring forlife and living and protecting Dharma, showing the characteristics of theGuanyin Taoist temple of the lotus Kingdom and the solemn unique style of TenThousand Buddhas.
Master Qiushuang, the abbot of Hanshan Temple, has officially moved intoChongyuan temple to carry out the construction of Buddhist legal affairs andBuddhist culture. According to master Qiu Shuang, Chongyuan temple will take"Zen and pure cultivation" as its main development idea, cultivate Buddhisttalents, and promote social harmony with charity. In the middle of September,Mr. Qiu Shuang and Mr. Wang Peng, chairman of Shanghai Tianyu Media Co., Ltd.shook hands to celebrate and formally signed the cooperation agreement on thecompletion ceremony of Chongyuan temple and the whole hall Buddha statueKaiguang Dharma Association project. "Charity is a social cause. Its developmentneeds a kind of social atmosphere, the support of citizens' charityconsciousness and social charity values, and the formation of this atmosphereand support needs the guidance of charity publicity and the participation andpromotion of leaders at all levels." The great monk Qiu Shuang said that it isnecessary to stimulate the enthusiasm of all sectors of society to participatein charity by vigorously publicizing the model of charity among the people; itis necessary to stimulate the sense of social responsibility of enterprises andinstitutions to participate in charity and build a harmonious society byvigorously publicizing the model of enterprises and institutions participatingin and supporting charity. This is also one of the significance of thereconstruction of Chongyuan temple. To contribute to the construction of socialspiritual civilization. Moreover, the construction of Chongyuan temple hascreated some of the best in the south of the Yangtze River, one is the largesttemple group in the south of the Yangtze River, the other is the giant leatherdrum. The drum is made of bronze with a diameter of 2.19 meters of cowhide atboth ends. The height and width of the drum are 2.8 meters and it weighs 4 tons.It took more than 100 workers more than 4 months to make the drum, and theconstruction lasted more than 9 months.
Introduction to scenic spots
Entering the Chongyuan Temple scenic area, the first thing we see is the200 meter long Buddha Road. The stone murals of Amitabha's 48 great wishes areengraved on the north and south sides of the road. There are also seven sevenlotus praying pillars on the road of worshiping Buddha, each of which is carvedwith relief. The first six pillars show the six degrees of Buddhist practice,and the seventh pillar shows the scene of worshiping Buddha. The design conceptand construction method of the seven lotus praying column are unique toChongyuan temple.
At the end of the LIFO Avenue is an imitation ancient gate. The threecharacters of Chongyuan temple on the middle gate were written by Zhao Puchu,the late vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese people'sPolitical Consultative Conference, President of the Chinese BuddhistAssociation, a famous poet and calligrapher. On the left and right city gates,"Jiangnan grand view, Xiao Liang relics" is written by Ji Xianlin, a famousmaster of Chinese culture and former vice president of Peking University.
Chongyuan Temple faces south from the north. In front of the three gates ofthe temple, there are two sutras engraved with the Sutra of Zunsheng on the topof the Buddha.
When you enter Chongyuan temple, the first thing you see is Tianwang hall.The plaque of Tianwang hall was inscribed by the late famous calligrapher Mr.Sha Menghai. Maitreya Buddha is in the middle of Tianwang hall, and WeituoBodhisattva is in the back, facing north. There are four heavenly kings on bothsides.
To the west of Tianwang hall is the drum tower. The plaque was inscribed byelder Jinghui, vice president of the Buddhist Association of China. The diameterof the drum hanging from the drum tower is 2.19 meters, which is the largestcopper cavity leather drum in the world.
To the east of the temple is the bell tower. The plaque was inscribed bythe former abbot of Hanshan Temple and the elder of the Dharma Master of HanshanTemple. The clock tower is about 12 tons in weight, 3.8 meters in height and2.19 meters in diameter. The sound of this bell is the first tone in the TangDynasty. The sound is powerful and thick, and the remaining sound is around theears. So the name of the big bell is "the first law of the Tang Dynasty, thefirst Sanskrit bell".
To the north of Tianwang hall is the release pool. There are three bridgeson the pond, namely Nengren bridge, wisdom bridge and Ford bridge. Nengrenbridge was inscribed by Feng Qiyong, a master of Chinese culture and an expertof Redology. Wisdom bridge and Ford bridge are inscribed by the abbot Qiu Shuangof Hanshan Temple and Chongyuan temple.
To the north of the release pool is a wide granite square. To the west ofthe square is the hall of Da Xing Pu Xian Bodhisattva. The plaque of PuxianBodhisattva hall was inscribed by elder Weixian, vice chairman of advisorycommittee of China Buddhist Association and President of Chongqing BuddhistAssociation.
To the east of the square is the great wisdom Manjusri Bodhisattva hall.The plaque of Manjusri temple was inscribed by elder Yicheng, the currentpresident of China Buddhist Association.
The main hall is in the middle of the square. The main hall is the mainbuilding of the temple and the main hall of the Buddhist temple. It is built ona high platform in the center of the central axis. The main hall of Chongyuantemple is 36 meters high and has a construction area of 2100 square meters. Itis the largest main hall in China. The hall is dedicated to Wang III Buddha. Thefour characters of "Da Xiong Bao Dian" were inscribed by the old president ZhaoPuchu, "supreme cool" is the handwriting of the modern eminent monk Hongyi, and"Hengshun sentient beings" is the handwriting of the modern Buddhist eminentmonk Dade Mingshan elder. There are eighteen Arhats on both sides of the mainhall. At the back of the main hall, there are group sculptures of Guanyin on theisland, which mainly tells the story of the good fortune boy 53 Shen. Guanyingroup sculptures on the island are made of traditional lacquer, with a totallength of 25.8 meters and a height of 12.2 meters. The group sculpture covers anarea of nearly 300 square meters, the largest in China.
There are two side halls in the north of the main hall. In the west is theBodhisattva Hall of the great wish. The plaque of dizang Bodhisattva hall waswritten by the great monk Mingxue, the current Vice President of China BuddhistAssociation and the abbot of lingyanshan temple in Suzhou.
On the east side is the hall of vainly hidden Bodhisattva. The plaque onthe hall of Bodhisattva in void is the handwriting of elder benhuan, a hundredyear old monk and a contemporary Zen master.
Walking out of Chongyuan temple, you can see the memorial archway of"Shuitian Buddha kingdom" inscribed by elder Mingshan. Then there is a 19 holeapproach bridge, called Puji bridge. It was written by elder Jue Guang,President of the Hong Kong Buddhist Association. After crossing this bridge, wecame to the lotus kingdom. The traditional copper forging process is used forthe side wall of the underground palace of Guanyin Pavilion. With a height of 46meters, Guanyin Pavilion is the highest water Guanyin Pavilion in China. Theplaque is the handwriting of elder benhuan. The 33 meter (total height) YangzhiAvalokitesvara in Guanyin Pavilion (26 meters high) is the highest indoorAvalokitesvara in China, with an area of 1160 square meters. At the same time,this bronze bodied Avalokitesvara is also the heaviest indoor Avalokitesvara inChina. The whole body is made of 80 tons of bronze and gilded. There are 9999small Guanyin statues 33 cm high cast from the same furnace of copper water.
In the east of the main hall, there is a Suzhai hall called Xiangjikitchen. There are 180 dining places in the hall on the first floor, servingplain noodles, dim sum and vegetarian food. There are 12 boxes on the secondfloor. Each box can accommodate 8 to 10 people. You can order dishes, set mealsor drink at will. There are 48 guest rooms on the east side of Tianwang hall,which can solve the accommodation problem of tourists. On the west side ofTianwang hall, there is a law logistics office, in which there are various kindsof Kaiguang law objects for you to choose.
Lion forest, one of the four famous gardens in Suzhou, has a history ofmore than 650 years and is the representative of garden in Yuan Dynasty. No.23Yuanyuan Road, located in the northeast corner of Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province,is a rectangle with a width from east to west, covering an area of 1.1 hectaresand an open area of 0.88 hectares. There are rockeries all over the park,surrounded by long corridors, buildings looming, winding paths leading toseclusion, with the general feeling of maze. The wall of the corridor isembedded with the calligraphy steles of Su Shi, Mi Fu, Huang Tingjian and CaiXiang, as well as the inscription of plum blossom poem by Wen Tianxiang of theSouthern Song Dynasty. This garden was built by Zen master tianru of YuanDynasty in memory of his teacher, Zen master Zhongfeng. In the first gate, theteacher of "Shizilin" is the teacher's teacher. Later, because there were manyrockeries in the garden, which looked like a lion, it was changed to the LionForest in the way of writing, and has been used up to now. The word "LionForest" on the forehead of the ticket office was written by Emperor Qianlong ofthe Qing Dynasty.
Step into the garden, you can see a hall, which is the Bei ancestral hall.In the middle of the plaque, there is Gu Tinglong's handwritten "Yunlin Yiyun",which is one of the designers of lion forest. Ni Yunlin's design has the charmof emptiness and quietness. The wooden railings on both sides of the corridorare carved with peony, Phoenix and Shou characters, and hanging screens withvases and shell leaves. Beiye is used to write Buddhist scriptures, which notonly reflects that Shizilin is a place for Zen to study Buddhism, but also hascommemorative significance, because the last master of Shizilin is Beiye. Theancestral hall is a place for worshiping and worshiping ancestors and gatheringof clansmen. On the roof, there are statues of three immortals, Fu, Lu and Shou,and a child. It shows that the garden owner hopes that his descendants can beoutstanding and glorify their ancestors. At the entrance of the corridor, thereis the word "Chunhua", which means the garden is full of spring. Please goahead.
It is said that the stone lions in the lion forest came from TianmuMountain in Zhejiang Province. The eight immortals tie Guai Li and LV Chunyangwent to the banquet of the queen mother and rode a green lion past TianmuMountain. From the top of the mountain came a clear spring. Li Zheng, Tieguai,was thirsty. He was very happy and fell down to Yuntou. He took down his owngourd and went to the spring to drink. The green lion also jumped into the waterto play. After a moment, the lion climbed up to the shore and shook his body.The water on his body was scattered on the surrounding rocks, and suddenlybecame a group of lively and lovely little lions. The green Lion plays with thelittle lions intimately. Tieguai Li smiles and says to LV Yuyang, "look, thegreen lion has moved everyone's heart. Now that there are so many descendants,let's punish him to be a lion king here." After that, with the help of the ironcrutch, the lions turned back to the appearance of stones, and the green lionsturned into a mountain peak because they couldn't bear to leave.
In Song Renzong's time, Zhongfeng monk of Zhejiang Guoshi temple had aprofound Buddhism. One day, he traveled to Tianmu Mountain and recitedscriptures in Jielu. Every morning, he recited scriptures in front of Qingshimountain. It turned out that he was an eminent monk and knew the origin ofshiziyan and shizifeng. Lion is called lion dragon (Su ā n'n í) in Buddhism. Itis the beast of Buddhism. He wants to enlighten the green lion and make itreturn to its original appearance. For a long time, because I often listen tothe eminent monk's words, I became a spirit and became a green lion again. Thegreen lion became monk Zhongfeng's mount. Monk Zhongfeng rode the green lion tovisit his apprentice tianru Zen master in Puti temple in Suzhou. There were manystrange stones in Puti temple, and the shape of them was vivid, like many lions.The green lion was very happy and thought that he had returned to the lioncolony in the Buddhist kingdom, so he changed into a lion bee, and the lion furscattered on the green lion became a variety of lion cubs. Some are playing withHydrangea, some are fighting with two lions, and some are full of prestige. WhenZen master tianru saw his hands together, he even said "Amitabha". He praisedmaster tianru for his boundless power and perfect merits. Bodhi Temple becamethe kingdom of Buddha and lion. Monk Zhongfeng said, "it might as well be calledlion forest." So the stone lions in the lion forest are famous.
Green lion is very happy to stay in the lion forest, but he is worriedabout Tieguai Li. In a fit of anger, he punished the green lion to stay at thetop of Tianmu Mountain. When he went back, he was a little reluctant to thinkabout it. When he went back to look for it, there was no trace. Tieguai Li Yuvisited all the famous mountains and rivers, but he had no whereabouts. One daywhen I passed by Suzhou, I saw the Lion Peak in the lion forest from a longdistance. Isn't it the green lion. After entering the rockery group of lionforest, tie Guai Li walked slowly and lost contact with LV Chunyang. I saw LuChunyang in front of me from a distance, but I couldn't get out of the rockeryto meet him. Tieguai Li was in a hurry and sat in the cave in a hurry. LVChunyang always loses to tie Guai Li in chess. He thinks that this opportunityhas come, so he asks tie Guai Li to play a game of chess in the false cave. IfLV Chunyang wins, he will carry him out. Tieguai Li agreed because he lost lessand won more in chess in the past. Unexpectedly, because he was trapped in arockery, he was in a panic and was killed by LV Chunyang.
Tieguai Li had no choice but to beg for mercy from LV Chunyang. Lu Chunyangsaid: "I think the green lion is very happy to stay in the lion forest, so I'llstay here with the lion grandson.". Tie Guai Li was eager to go out and agreed.Lu Chunyang took tieguaili out of the rockery.
Now when you go to the rockery in the lion forest, you have to be careful.Don't be as stubborn as Li. The game of chess he lost in those years is still inthe rockery cave.
The lion forest is mountainous in the southeast and watery in thenorthwest. It is surrounded by high walls, deep houses and winding corridors.Taking the central pool as the center, building houses by piling mountains,transplanting flowers and trees, and erecting bridges and pavilions make thelayout of the whole garden compact and full of the artistic conception of "closeto the mountains and forests". The lion forest is famous for its pavilions,terraces, towers, pavilions, halls, pavilions and corridors. It is also known asthe "rockery kingdom". There are many and exquisite rockeries in Shizilin, withexquisite rocks, winding caves and ravines, which are like entering a maze. Itis known as "Eighteen scenes of Taoyuan". At the top of the cave, there are manystrange peaks and rocks, all like a lion dancing. There are Hanhui, tuyue,Xuanyu, angxia and other famous peaks, and the Lion Peak is the first of them.The main building in the park is Yanyu hall, behind which is a small square halland Lixue hall. To the west, you can get to Baixuan, which is a two-story atticwith a veranda all around. It's tall, cool and exquisite. To the west of Baixuanis guwu pine garden. The southwest corner is jianshanlou. From Jianshan tower tothe west, you can get to the lotus hall. In the northwest of the hall, there isa Jianzhen interesting Pavilion near the pool. The pavilion is decorated withexquisite ornaments, and the figures and flowers are lifelike. There are twostone boats beside the pavilion. The stone boat shore is the dark fragrantstudio, from which you can turn south along the corridor to reach the waterfallPavilion, which is the highest place in the garden. The West scenery center ofthe garden is Wenmei Pavilion, in front of which is shuangxianxiang Pavilion.Shuangxiangxian pavilion has a fan Pavilion in the southwest corner and acourtyard behind it, which is fresh and elegant.
Shizilin used to be the back garden of Bodhi orthodox temple. In 1341 ad,Zen master tianru, an eminent monk, came to Suzhou to preach Buddhist scripturesand was welcomed by his disciples. In the following year (the second year ofemperor Shundi Zhizheng, the last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty), the disciplesbought land and set up a house to build a Zen forest for Zen master tianru.Built in 1342 A.D. in the second year of Zhizheng reign of the Yuan Dynasty, thegarden was built by the disciples of Zen master tianru Weize for his master. Itwas initially named "Shizilin Temple", and later renamed "Puti Zhengzong Temple"and "Shengen Temple".
In the sixth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1373), 73 year old greatcalligrapher Ni Zan (named Yunlin) passed through Suzhou. He once participatedin gardening and wrote poems and paintings (painted with the picture of the lionforest), which made the lion forest famous and became a resort for Buddhistpreaching and literati writing poems and paintings. In the early Qianlong periodof the Qing Dynasty, the temple garden became a private property, isolated fromthe temple hall. It was also called wusongyuan because there were five pinetrees in the garden.
In the 17th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1589 A.D.), monks of theMing family came from Chang'an to rebuild the Shengen temple and the Buddha Hallin Shizilin, and reappear the prosperous scene. During the reign of EmperorKangxi, the temple and the garden were separated. Later, it was bought by Huangxingzu, the father of Huang Xi and the magistrate of Hengzhou, and named"Sheyuan".
On February 11, 1703, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty toured here andgranted "Lion Forest Temple". Later, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty touredthe lion forest six times and successively granted "mirror wisdom and roundlight", "painting Zen Temple" and existing "zhenqu" plaques. In the 36th year ofthe Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty (1771 AD), Huang Xi was the number onescholar in senior high school. He refined his mansion and reorganized thecourtyard, and named it "wusongyuan". By the middle of the reign of EmperorGuangxu of the Qing Dynasty, Huang's family was in decline, and the garden hadfallen, but the rockery was still there.
In 1917, Shanghai pigment giant Pei Runsheng (the great grandfather of theworld-famous architect I.M. Pei) bought the lion forest from Li Zhongyu, thechief civil affairs officer. It took nearly seven years to renovate the lionforest. Some new scenic spots were added and named "Lion Forest". For a time,lion forest covered Suzhou city. Beirunsheng was preparing for the opening up,but he failed because of the outbreak of the Anti Japanese war. Afterbeirunsheng died in 1945, Shizilin was managed by his grandson beihuanzhang.After liberation, the descendants donated the garden to the state, and Suzhougarden management office took over the renovation and opened it to the public in1954.
Due to the rise and fall of the forest garden, the temple, garden and housewere separated and combined, the traditional gardening techniques and Buddhistideas were integrated, and the modern Bei family introduced the Westerngardening techniques and ancestral temple into the garden, making it a templegarden integrating the principles of Zen and the pleasure of garden.
1、 Hall, car Hall
Enter the east gate of lion forest from Garden Road, which was the maingate of Chengxun Yizhuang. On the door hung a plaque written by EmperorQianlong. Before liberation, when it was a private house, it was not easy toopen it. After liberation, it was opened as the main gate of Shizilin. The highthreshold was the sedan hall, which was the place where the sedan cars used tostop. Opposite to the car door was the west gate. Above the two doors were brickforehead, respectively titled "right access" and "left access".
2、 Yan Yutang
Now we have come to Yanyu hall. Yanyu means peace and happiness. "YanYutang" comes from the book of songs, which says "Yan Yutang is famous for itsstyle, but you can't shoot.". Yan Yu: Yan Er entertainment; Wu she: never stop.Form: as a modal particle. Reputation: Tongyu, happy. Shoot (Y ì): disgust."Zheng Jian" said: "shoot, hate also." How happy it is to have a dinnertogether. I love you forever. This hall is the main hall of the whole garden. Itwas originally used by the master of the garden to entertain guests. This hallis a famous mandarin duck hall in Suzhou gardens. The so-called Yuanyang hall isin a hall, which is divided into North and south parts by screen doors. From theinside, it seems that the two halls are connected, but the layout is different.The beams and columns of the North Hall are made of round logs, and the beamsand columns of the south hall are made of square logs. The door and windowpatterns and furniture layout of the two halls are different, and the plaqueshave their own titles. At the same time, the front hall is generally the placewhere the host entertains the male guests, while the back hall is the placewhere the hostess meets the female guests. The architectural style is absolutelydifferent, which reflects the feudal thought that men are superior to women.Please have a look at the foot of what is the word, right! It's a word "Shou".There are five bats on the side. It means "five blessings" and "Shou" comesfirst, so Shou is the center. It shows that the owner hopes that he and hisfamily will live a long and healthy life, have many children and grandchildren,be peaceful and happy.
3、 Small square hall
Now we come to the small square hall, which is named because it is square.If you look at the large empty windows on both sides, we can feel that they aretwo pictures. Outside the east window are plain preserved Chimonanthus andoutside the west window are urban mountain forests. This is a kind of gardeningart of Suzhou gardens, called frame view. It can change with the change ofseasons and the movement of feet. We might as well have a try. The hall ischaracterized by square architecture and components, and the three pavilions andarches are a small and exquisite gathering place for literary society. Under theback window of the hall is the "golden brick". This brick is specially baked forthe Qing Dynasty palace floor.
4、 Jiushifeng
Out of the small square hall, you can see the nine Lion Peak in the hallgarden. This peak stands in front of the wall. At first glance, it looks likenine lions playing freely. If you look at this stone and see the changing cloudsin the sky, you must cooperate with imagination. The beauty lies between theimage and the non image. There are half pavilions in the East and west of thecourtyard to extrude space to highlight the nine Lion Peak. If you lookcarefully, you will find nine lions in different shapes. They are charming,naive and lovely. There are 500 lions of different sizes and shapes in the lionforest. We will see many more in the future.
5、 Zhibaixuan
Through the brick "fun" (from Tao Yuanming's "garden day care to becomefun" sentence), we come to zhibaixuan. This is where monks preach. In the TangDynasty, when the Zen master Cong Zong (known as Zhao Zhou FA Dao) was teachingZen Buddhism, no matter what his disciples asked him, he always said: "cypressin front of the court", which means that the Zen practitioners should understandit by themselves from the mysterious hints. So it is named Baixuan. This is alsothe place where the relatives of the Bei family get together. The plaque "YifengZhibai", written by Wang Tongyu, is hung above the hall. "Zhibai" refers to thecase of Zen Buddhism, while "Yifeng" refers to the allusion of Shi Feng made byMi Fu in Song Dynasty. The following is the painting of Shoubai, which wasjointly produced by famous calligraphers and painters in 1988. Zhang Xinjiapainted red plum, Wu Mumu wrote ancient cypress, Xu Shaoqing painted Lake stone,and Fei Xini wrote inscriptions. There are stairs behind the screen door to goupstairs. The third floor is also called Tingyu building, which is named afterthe garden owner's collection of stone rubbings. It's named after the window.Looking from the window, you can see that there are many strange peaks on theopposite side.
In front of the hall, there are rockeries, cypresses and dragons. Woyunbaois located among the rockeries. This rockery is the most famous rockery in theclassical gardens. There are four paths in it, which are intertwined andintricate. Emperor Qianlong didn't go out after two hours. There is also achessboard hole in it. It is said that LV Dongbin and tie guaili played chess.There are some famous stones such as Hanhui and tuyue on the false peak. Thereare strange pines and cypresses between the stones, just like a beautifullandscape painting. It is said that Emperor Qianlong once took a picture here.Please take a photo here.
6、 Jianshanlou
The false mountain peak can be seen from the window of this building, whichis named after the poetic meaning of Tao Qian of Jin Dynasty: "pickingchrysanthemums under the East fence, leisurely seeing Nanshan". However, thisbuilding is close to the rockery, and there is a direct access to the rockery onthe second floor. It can be said that the building is built on the rockery. Thearea of jianshanlou is only one tenth of that of zhibaixuan. That is to say, itsets off the height of zhibaixuan and does not compete with rockery. It can besaid that it has unique ingenuity.
8、 Hualan Hall
We went west through the corridor to the flower basket hall. The flowerbasket hall is named after the flower basket shape carved on the column end ofthe hall and decorated with the flower basket pattern. In 1945, a Japanesesurrender ceremony was held in this hall. The screen door was engraved with ahuge picture of Matsushita, and the official script horizontal plaque "wind inthe water" indicated that it was a good place to enjoy the lotus in summer.Originally known as "Lotus hall", it was burned down in 1968, and then movedfrom Zheng house in loumen to Hualan hall. The so-called flower blue hall is asmall hall, in which the walking column does not fall to the ground, but ischanged into a very short heavy lotus column, and the end of the column iscarved into a flower blue shape.
9、 Zhenqu Pavilion
Out of the flower basket hall to the west is zhenqu Pavilion. The word"zhenqu" was written by Emperor Qianlong himself. There is such a story. In theQing Dynasty, when Emperor Qianlong visited the garden, Huang Xi, the number onescholar, saw the three words "really interesting" written by Emperor Qianlong.He felt that the word "you" was too vulgar, so he asked the emperor to bestowthe word "you" and left the word "really interesting". There is a "scholar hat"decoration on the pavilion, which has far-reaching implications. It is said that"the scholar is the prime minister's Root Seedling". To become the number onescholar, we must start from the scholar. Garden idea is to educate futuregenerations to study hard, hoping that one day they will win the title of thegold medal. The same principle applies today when tall buildings rise from theground. Now, we can enjoy the scenery of Huxin Pavilion, Jiuqu bridge, stoneboat, waterfall, pool and lake, and take photos as a souvenir. After that, wewill gather in the east of the stone arch bridge, drill holes and climbmountains to really appreciate the charm of the world-famous "rockery kingdom".The plaque of "zhenqu" was inscribed by Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty when hevisited the lion forest. The painted pillars and carved beams in the pavilionare resplendent, showing the royal style completely different from the elegantgarden architecture in the south of the Yangtze River. The pavilion issurrounded by picturesque scenery. In the East, you can see the flower baskethall near the water. In the south, you can see the rockery group near the water.In the west, there are mountains and waterfalls. Looking to the west, thepavilion in the center of the lake, the Jiuqu Bridge and the stone arch bridgedivide the lake into three scenes: near, middle and far.
10、 Dark fragrance studio
The name of this building comes from the famous saying: the shadow isslanting, the water is clear, the fragrance is floating, and the moon is atdusk. The shadow of sparse plum is horizontally and obliquely reflected on theclear water surface at dusk
Welcome to Luzhi ancient town for sightseeing. Luzhi ancient town is about25 kilometers southeast of Suzhou. There are many lakes and rivers around theancient town, and "small bridges, flowing water and people" can be seeneverywhere. Therefore, it can be said that Luzhi is a typical "watercountry".
Luzhi was called Fuli in ancient times. It was not until the Qing Dynastythat it was renamed Luzhi. Luzhi, originated from Liuzhi. The so-called "sixstraight" means that the three rivers of Dazhi, Xiaozhi and zhishangjing in theeast of the ancient town can reach six places. "Yong" is an auspicious Unicornnamed luduan in the myths and legends of the Zhan Dynasty. It's the image yousee on this sculpture. It is said that it has the special function of fastwalking, understanding all kinds of words and well-informed information, whichcan ensure the smooth weather and protect the peace of the people. Therefore, ittakes the homonym of "Lu" and "six" in Wu dialect and names the town "Luzhi". Atthe same time, it takes luduan as the town logo of the ancient town and standshere, which fully shows the good wishes of Luzhi people for a better life.
Luzhi ancient town belongs to Wuzhong District of Suzhou city. The area ofthe ancient town is only 1.1 square kilometers. The ancient town is adjacent toWusong River in the north and Chenghu Lake in the south. It has wide waters andrivers. Since ancient times, it is rich in rice, wheat, freshwater fish, matgrass, Lingou and other aquatic plants. It can be called a genuine "land of fishand rice".
The ancient town is not only rich in water products, but also has a longhistory and strong cultural atmosphere compared with other ancient towns in thesouth of the Yangtze River. The history of the ancient town can be traced backto the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period 2500 years ago. Atthat time, Helu, the king of Wu, and fuchai, the king of Wu, successively builtthe Li palace here. Zhang Lingshan in the southwest of the town is the burialplace of Zhang Cang, the Prime Minister of the Western Han Dynasty; Lu guimeng,a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once lived in seclusion in the west of Bailiantemple in the ancient town, and still has his tomb. Since the establishment ofFuli Academy in the Yuan Dynasty, the ancient town has always attached greatimportance to education and trained countless scholars. In the early years ofthe Republic of China in modern times, the ancient town took the lead in settingup new schools. Ye Shengtao, Wang Boxiang and Shen Baihan, the famous educators,taught here, and cultivated many excellent talents for the ancient town.
The long history and profound cultural accumulation have left manyhistorical sites and celebrity footprints for the ancient town. From the ancienttemples, gardens and streets to the ancient houses of historical celebrities,the whole zhanzhen town is like a dazzling Museum of historical relics. Amongthem, we can not only feel the vicissitudes of history, but also get thenourishment of culture. At present, the ancient town preserves historic sitesand cultural landscapes such as the ancient castle temple, Lu guimeng's Ci,Shengtao memorial hall, Shen house, Xiao house, Wansheng rice shop, Wang Taomemorial hall, etc. In particular, the painted arhat statue preserved in theancient castle temple is the only national key cultural relics protection unitin the ancient town of Jiangnan. Mr. Fei Xiaotong, vice chairman of the NationalPeople's Congress and a famous sociologist, wrote the words "the first watertown in China" after visiting the ancient town. Today, "the first water town inChina" has become the pride of town people and the pronoun of Luzhi ancienttown. The town was named as a famous historical and cultural town in JiangsuProvince in 19q4, and was listed as one of the 13 scenic spots of Taihu Lakescenic spot. Now, please follow me to the ancient town to appreciate the uniquestyle of "the first water town in China".
[Baosheng Temple]
Luzhi ancient town is famous, to a large extent, because there is aBaosheng Temple Museum in the town, which was one of the first batch of nationalkey cultural relics protection units announced after the founding of new China.So far, Luzhi is probably the only ancient town in the south of the YangtzeRiver with national key cultural relics protection units.
Baosheng temple was built in the period of Liang Tianjian in the northernand Southern Dynasties. It has a history of 1500 years. Like the famous HanshanTemple outside Gusu City, it is one of the 480 temples in the Southern Dynasty.In history, it has been used repeatedly. At that time, there were more than 5000temples and thousands of monks in the temple, covering half of the ancient town.By the early years of the Republic of China, almost all the buildings in thetemple had collapsed, and some of the temples had been rebuilt into schools. Inthe 1920s, when the Daxiong hall collapsed, the statue of arhat on the west wallof the hall was destroyed. Later, under the initiative of Cai Yuanpei, GuJiegang and other famous scholars, in 1932, an Antiquities Museum was built onthe site of Daxiong hall to protect the statue of arhat. After liberation, thepeople's Government renovated the ancient temple. The existing ancient templegate was rebuilt in 964 according to the original appearance of the gate duringthe reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. The word "Baosheng Temple" onthe mountain gate is inscribed by Mr. Fei Xini, a contemporary sweeper.
Through the two Mountain Gate with the title of "Fuyang Xianmi", you cansee the heavenly king hall standing in the middle of the courtyard. Tianwanghall was built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the Tongzhi period of the lateQing Dynasty, but it still retains the style of the Ming Dynasty. However, thebasin type plinth of the Bu column is a relic of the Northern Song Dynasty.According to textual research, the Tianwang hall was rebuilt on the site of thelast dynasty hall in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty. It is said thatthere was no iron nail used in the construction of Tianwang hall, and the jointwas completely connected by tenon, which shows the exquisite craftsmanship ofwoodworking. The original four clay statues of Vajra in the hall were alldestroyed by the Japanese during the Anti Japanese war. In 1956, Tianwang hallwas listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Jiangsu Province.
To the north of the courtyard of Tianwang hall is the Museum of antiquitiesbuilt on the site of Daxiong hall. There are two treasures of the ancient templein the courtyard. Standing on the west side is a blue stone Scripture building,which originally stood in front of the heavenly king hall, next to the stonewith a coiled pole on the east side, to exorcise evil spirits. Jingchuang andJiashi are relics of the Northern Song Dynasty. In fact, Jingchuang is a kind ofBuddhist stone carving that began to appear in the Tang Dynasty. It is generallycomposed of cover, column and seat. The pillar is engraved with Buddha statue,Buddha name or Sutra. The handwriting on the existing Qingshi Scripture buildingis no longer clear. On the east side of the courtyard, there is an iron clock,about 1.5 meters high and 1 meter in diameter, which was cast in the late Mingand early Qing Dynasties. On the clock, there is an auspicious saying of "goodweather, good harvest".
There is a famous plastic wall arhat in the museum. Under the eaves infront of the museum is a plaque inscribed by Mr. Chang Yinren. The "nine Arhats"on the lintel of the Museum of antiquities was written by Zhang Ting, aprofessor of the Central Academy of fine arts. According to Wu Jun Fu Li Zhi,the original Daxiong hall was built in 1013. During the Northern Song Dynasty,there were Buddha statues of Sakyamuni and eighteen Arhats in the hall, whichwas copied by Yang Huizhi of the Tang Dynasty. Yang Huizhi is a native of WuCounty in Tang Dynasty, who is as famous as Wu Tongguang, the "sage ofpainting". Because clay sculptures are not as easy to preserve as stone and woodcarvings, it is not easy for Yang Huizhi's authentic works to be millenniumold.
In 1918, historian Gu Jiegang visited Baosheng temple at the invitation ofYe Shengtao and Wang Boxiang. A well preserved work of Tang Dynasty'smasterpieces attracted the attention of historians. In 1922, Gu Jiegang foundthat the statue of a member of the Luohan tribe was badly damaged and in urgentneed of protection, so he ran around and called for the rescue of "art works of1100 years ago". Later, under the care and advocacy of Mr. Hu Shi and Mr. CaiYuanpei, a "preservation Committee of Luzhi Tang sculpture" was established tocollect funds and invite famous painters and sculptors such as Xu Beihong, LiuHaisu, Jiang xiaostork and Hua Tianyou to study and draw up preservation plans.In view of the collapse of the original main hall, it was decided to build anAntiquities Museum on the site of the hall to preserve these precious artrelics.
The museum started construction in the autumn of 1930 and was completed inthe autumn of 1932. The Antiquities Museum was originally a Roman style redbrick building with flat roof. Because the flat roof was easy to accumulatewater, the leakage of the roof was found in the early 1950s, so the AntiquitiesMuseum was renovated and the flat roof was changed to a sloping roof. Afterchanging it into the top of the slope, although it can drain water, it does notcoordinate with the overall architecture of the temple. So in 1987, it wasrebuilt again, and the roof was changed to Xieshan single eaves type.
When you enter the museum, you can see a statue wall arhat facing south.The statues of Arhats can be seen in many temples, either five hundred Arhats oreighteen Arhats, but they hardly have any background, which is different here.In addition to the nine Arhats on the wall, there are rocks, clouds and spray,which give people a feeling of being near the sea and heaven. Except for the twoArhats who are discussing Buddhist scriptures, the rest of the nine Arhats arescattered and sitting, with different shapes and expressions, giving people avery vivid, realistic and natural feeling, which makes the whole design a littleless religious and adds a bit of human affinity He Li.
High in the middle is Bodhidharma, the forefather of Zen. Because there isno him in the 16 Arhats and 18 Arhats, some people think that the statue in themiddle is Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, which is a portrayal of hisresignation when he was trapped in Taicheng. To the east of Dharma cave is thevenerable Jiaxi, also known as "WangYan Luohan", with thick eyebrows and bigeyes. At first glance, he is an Indian. His clothes are the most gorgeous of allthe Arhats.
Under "Wang Yan Luo Han", there is a pair of Luo Han. To the East is thevenerable nuojulu, who is kind-hearted and kind-hearted. He seems to bepreaching scriptures, so he is also called "preaching arhat". So who is helecturing to? Look at the statue of Ximei, who is listening attentively. This is"listening to the Sutra arhat". His name is ashdodo venerable.
To the east of the "preaching arhat" is the batara. Because of his peculiarfacial expression, he is also called "embarrassed Rohan".
To the west of the Dharma patriarch is the venerable tanthidra. Look at hisbroad-minded, fat, detached look, known as "barefoot arhat.".
In the west of "barefoot arhat", the one with angry eyes is the one whoguards Bojia. From his angry look, he is commonly known as "angry arhat". Belowhim is the "lonely arhat" supindra, with an impassive expression.
Sitting at the westernmost end of the wall is the bantorga. His expressionis deep, as if thinking about something, so people also call it "meditativearhat".
The nine Arhats we see now are only half of the eighteen Arhats worshippedon the East and west sides in the main hall of Baosheng temple, and there aremany damages. In addition, whether the author of it is Yang Huizhi, the"sculptor" of the Tang Dynasty, is controversial in the field of historiographyfrom the following aspects: before the end of the Tang Dynasty, there were noeighteen Arhats, only sixteen Arhats, and the great hall was built in theNorthern Song Dynasty. However, whether it was created by Yang Huizhi or byimitating Yang's style, its superb sculpture art shows people the wisdom andtalent of ancient Chinese artists, which is of great artistic appeal andcultural value. Therefore, after the founding of new China, it was listed in thefirst batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In front of theLuohan wall, there are two stone statues carved from blue stones, which areantiquities of the Six Dynasties. In the past, it was usually placed in themiddle of the street, which means that the Buddha is everywhere and cares forall living beings.
[Ye Shengtao Memorial]
Now you come to the yard is Ye Shengtao Memorial Hall. It was originallythe site of Puli Academy. In 1906, a new school was set up, and Fuli Academy wastransformed into Fuli primary school. Later, it was reorganized into "the fifthhigher primary school of Wu county", which is called "wugao" for short. In thespring of 1917, Mr. Ye Shengtao was invited by his classmates Wu binruo and WangBoxiang to teach at the "five high school". He worked and lived here for morethan four years. During this period, he carried out the experiment ofeducational reform and created many literary works, such as "Han Xiao's Qinsong" and "low energy children", all of which were directly based on the ancienttown of Luzhi. Therefore, Mr. Ye has always affectionately compared Luzhi to hissecond hometown. After his death in Beijing in February 1988, in order to showhis respect and memory, the people of the ancient town renovated several oldsites where he was teaching and turned them into Ye Shengtao Memorial Hall. "YeShengtao Memorial Hall" engraved on the main entrance of the memorial hall wasinscribed by the late president of the Chinese Buddhist Association, Mr. ZhaoPuchu.
The two-story building on the east side of the courtyard was the "fivehigh" women's department at that time. In 1919, Ye Shengtao's wife, Hu Molin,was employed by the "five high" and served as a teacher in the women'sdepartment for three years.
In the middle of the courtyard is a four side hall building that looks likea Square Pavilion. This is the "five high" Expo room, that is, the reading room.Now there is a flower basket on the table in the middle of the four side hall.In front of the flower basket, ye Lao's face model is placed for people to lookforward to.
On the west side of the four side hall is a mandarin duck hall. At thattime, it was the dormitory and office of the "five high" foreign teachers. Thenorth side has been restored to the original appearance of the "five high"teachers' office.
To the north of the courtyard, there are seven bungalows lined up with along corridor. This is the exhibition hall of the memorial hall. Starting fromthe preface hall in the East, it is divided into eight parts to introduce YeShengtao's life and his outstanding achievements in education, literature,publishing and social activities with photos, objects, literature and otherexhibits. In particular, it highlights the work and life of Ye Lao in theancient town.
From the north gate of the memorial, we came to Ye Shengtao cemetery. Thegranite platform faces east in the West. On the wall of the monument areengraved six gilded characters of "Tomb of Mr. Ye Shengtao" inscribed by Mr.Zhao Puchu. There is a six corner Pavilion in the east of the tomb platform,which is called Weiyan Pavilion. "Not tired" on the plaque in the pavilion isthe ink left by Ye Lao. In his early years, ye used to call his residence "nottired of living". The word "not tired" means never tired of learning, constantlypursuing and making progress.
[Lu guimeng Temple]
From the west gate of Baosheng temple, there is an open space. To the northof it is the Bailian Temple site founded in the northern and Southern Dynasties.To the west of the Bailian Temple site is Lu guimeng temple, also known as Mr.Fuli temple. It was originally the residence of Lu guimeng, and was built as theancestral hall of Mr. Fuli in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Lu guimeng is a late Tang Dynasty writer, a native of Suzhou, another nameof Mr. Fuli. He had a distinguished family background and had two primeministers. Lu guimeng studied hard since childhood in order to serve hiscountry. However, with bad luck, he failed in the exam. In this case, I came toLuzhi ancient town to buy farmland and live in seclusion. In spite of the feudaland secular ideas, he went to work in the field himself. This was a valuablemove at that time. Apart from farming, he often went boating and traveled in therivers and lakes, and wrote many poems reflecting the life of Wu's watercountry. His works have been handed down from generation to generation, such asMr. Fuli's collection and Lize's series. He is the best friend of PI Rixiu, apoet of Tang Dynasty, and is known as "Pi Lu" in the world. In addition, Luguimeng also has a lot of research on agricultural tools, and his "leifujing" isan important material for the study of ancient agricultural tools in China.
Lu guimeng's tomb covers an area of about one mu. In front of the tombstands a stone tablet of the reign of Kangxi and Tongzhi of the QingDynasty.
There is a qingfengting beside yiguanzhong, which means to praise Luguimeng's elegant character of "qingfengliangjie". There is a pool besideqingfengting. This is the pool where Lu guimeng raised green ducks. Because thegreen duck is good at fighting, the pool is also known as the duck fightingpool.
Qingfengting and douyachi were first built in the Northern Song Dynasty,and were rebuilt in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. When qingfengting was rebuiltin Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, a plaque of "qingfengliangjie" was hung inthe pavilion and a statue of Lu guimeng was erected. During the culturalrevolution, it was destroyed again. The existing qingfengting and douyachi wererestored after 1981. Among them, Lu guimeng's yiguanzhong and douyachi arelisted as cultural relics protection units in Jiangsu Province. There are threeancient ginkgo trees on both sides of douyachi, which are said to be planted byLu guimeng. They are just like three experienced historical elders, standinghere, witnessing the vicissitudes of the ancient town.
[Wansheng rice line]
The place we come to now is Wansheng rice line written in Mr. Ye Shengtao'snovel "collected more than three or five Dou". Its prototype is Wanchenghengmihang. In the early years of the Republic of China, this rice shop wasjointly operated by Shen and fan in the town, and it was also a rice shop inJiaozhi ancient town. In the past, every time I went to the new Valley, manyboats selling grain and buying rice would gather in the river channel at thegate of the new valley. The lively scene of loading and unloading grain and ricecan be imagined.
In the 1950s, it was transformed into a grain purchasing station and agrain warehouse. Now, in order to adapt to the development of the tourismmarket, develop the cultural tourism resources of the ancient town, renovate itas "Wansheng rice shop", and reproduce the style of "front shop and back yard"of the small town rice market in the Republic of China. Facing Hebu, the threeBay shop is a rice shop. On the high wooden counter is a billboard of "thousandsof merchants gather". Behind the shop was a large yard, with stone slabs on theground, and the south side of it
"Above there is heaven, suzhou and hangzhou below" of suzhou city is located in the southeast of jiangsu province in the Yangtze river delta plain, the east by Shanghai, south zhejiang, west, faces the taihu lake in the north of the Yangtze river.
Suzhou is China one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities published, its history can be traced back to seven thousand years ago. In wuxian yanting town north 2 km, the southern bank of yangcheng lake sandals mountain excavated neolithic sites of ancient culture, found pottery, stone, bone, jade and other life, production and decoration supplies more than 1100. Especially important is also unearthed the earliest Chinese textile order (ge), suggests that in suzhou area is one of the cradles of Chinese textile.
Existing 69 classical gardens in suzhou, the nets garden, the humble administrator's garden, the garden and the mountain villa with embracing the most famous. Suzhou gardens to hide and not dew, for the place of retreat locations. Their mixture of Taoism and Buddhism, daoism hole, such as rock, water, flowers and trees, and building the basic elements of reengineering the epitome of nature, has the rich cultural connotations. Suzhou garden art fully represents the Chinese wisdom, of the high attainments in the comparison.
Suzhou, China city, called wu, is referred to as "su, with gusu, wu, wu, wu, wu jiang peace and other multiple times and nickname. Suzhou the spirit, is known as "paradise on earth", always is famous for its beautiful landscape, garden elegance, have "jiangnan garden enjoys, suzhou garden armor chiangnan" the laudatory name, and because of its small Bridges the somebody else of the characteristics of the ancient city, the "Oriental Venice" reputation. Suzhou ever since the dawn of recorded history of more than 4000 years, founded in 514 BC, the key scenic tourist city in China, the Yangtze river delta important economic center. Suzhou in jiangsu province is important to the economy, foreign trade, industry and commerce and logistics center, it is important to culture, art, education, and transportation center.
Suzhou, one of China's super city in east China, east of Shanghai, near the east China sea; West lake taihu, back to wuxi, across the lake far out at changzhou; The Yangtze river in the north, with the economic development of nantong, zhejiang in the south, borders and jiaxing, reduce the water in taihu lake near huzhou, east 81 kilometers away from downtown Shanghai. Is in jiangsu province, the southeast gateway, Shanghai's throat, middle and north jiangsu to zhejiang. Suzhou the spirit, is known as "paradise on earth", "garden city". Suzhou have is famous for its beautiful landscape, garden elegance, have "jiangnan garden enjoys, suzhou garden armor chiangnan" the laudatory name, and because of its small Bridges the somebody else of the characteristics of the ancient city, and has the "Oriental Venice", "Oriental water (east shuicheng)," said. Today's suzhou has become a "city garden", "garden city", mountain, water, city, forest, park, town is an organic whole, classic with contemporary perfect combination, ancient and modern, the harmonious development of international city. Suzhou is located in the temperate zone, four seasons, mild climate, rain
Amount of energy. North subtropical monsoon climate, annual average rainfall of 1100 mm, annual average temperature 15.7 ℃, average temperature 2.5 ℃. 28 ℃, 7 monthly average temperature. Plains of the whole city was low, accounting for 55% of the total area, a watery, fertile land, rich products, abundant rainfall, smooth rice incense, blue waves fish is very rich in agricultural and sideline products, the people told the "near cook a scented rice red-violet knowledge", "peach blossom water mandarin fish fertilizer", "yee from a ship through the night market to buy ling, spring" verse, is all previous dynasties poet of suzhou rich natural resources, a praise and praise. Main plant rice, wheat, rape, producing cotton, sericulture, fruit, specialty "biluochun" tea, saury Yangtze river, taihu whitebait, yangcheng lake hairy crabs, etc. Suzhou is a famous "land of fish and rice", "silk house".
Dear tourists
hello everyone! What we are visiting now is the world famous net mastergarden. Wangshi garden is a typical representative of Jiangsu garden in China.Professor Chen Congzhou said in his article "famous gardens in China" that"Wangshi garden is a model of small garden respected by gardeners". The famousGerman horticulturist and connoisseur, Ms. Mariana bauchetti, who was awardedthe Grand Cross of the Federal Republic of Germany by the German government,pointed out in her book Chinese Garden: "I think Wangshi garden is the mostelegant and complete private garden in Suzhou.".
Wangshiyuan was built in the Song Dynasty. At that time, it cost 1.5million yuan (1000 copper coins) to build houses and gardens. Today, 800 yearslater, a Japanese tourist once offered a price of 1.2 billion US dollars to buythis garden. Seeing that the garden owner had no intention to discuss, herepeatedly said, "this is your national treasure! Priceless treasure Therefore,it is no accident that dianchunzhen of wangshiyuan is the first blueprint ofChinese classical garden works exported overseas. Su Dongpo said, "it's a pitynot to visit Huqiu in Suzhou." I would like to say, "it's a pity not to visitwangshiyuan in Suzhou gardens.".
My friend, maybe your heart has already entered the net division. Just amoment, please follow me to Chengqiao road in the southeast of Suzhou ancientcity, and turn into a very narrow Yangchang lane, kuojiatou lane, and walkeastward on the stone road. This twists and turns for 5 minutes to go to thedepth of the alley, only to see the master garden. This long lane is like astring of ellipsis in a lyric poem. It means that I don't care about the richand I don't care about the rich. It shows that the master despises wealth and iselegant. So, who is the master? Why is it named wangshiyuan?
Shi Zhengzhi (a Yangzhou native) was a minister in the central court duringthe Chunxi period of the Southern Song Dynasty (1174-1189). In the face of theinvading Jin soldiers, he was greedy for life and peace. He was exiled toSuzhou. In 1174, he asked someone to build a house called "wanjuan Hall" andbuilt a garden opposite the gate, which means boating on five lakes and callinghimself "Yuyin". This is the net master The predecessor of the garden.
During the 500 years from the Song Dynasty to the yuan, Ming and early QingDynasty, the owner of the garden changed again and again. In the middle of thereign of Emperor Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty (around 1785), song Zongyuan, theShaoqing of Guanglu temple, retired, bought the former site of wanjuan Hall andmade a new layout. Why did song Zongyuan name the garden wangshiguo? It is saidthat it is related to the fisherman Wang Si and his daughter. It is said thatsong Zongyuan got a son in his later years, which was named Shuangxi. Shuangxiwas smart and lively when he was young. Once, he went fishing in Zhantai andaccidentally fell into the lake. Wang Si and his daughter Guizhi rescued him andsent him home by boat. In order to repay Wang Si's father and daughter forsaving their son's life, song Zongyuan named the garden with the honorary nameof fisherman - "net master". Since then, wanjuan hall has been called net mastergarden. As a matter of fact, song Zongyuan compared himself to Fisherman andnamed the garden after it. On the one hand, he borrowed the original meaning of"Yuyin" in Shi Zhengzhi's garden, which meant to live in seclusion and regrethimself. On the other hand, because there was a lane beside the garden namedWang Si, which was homonymous.
Wangshi garden is located at No.11 kuojiatou lane. It faces south in thenorth. There is a screen wall in front of it. There is a horse ring between thewalls. There is a pagoda tree planted on the left and right. There is aneast-west Lane gate. There are two opposite gates on the east side. The gate istwo feet and five inches high. They are all painted in black. There are drumstones on both sides of the gate. On the top of the gate are lion rollingHydrangea ball, and on the top of the architrave is decorated with a valve. Inancient times, the left and right pillars outside the gate of the officialfamily were often used to post Gongzhuang, which was called "valve" on the leftand "Yue" on the right. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, official familiesspecially made two columns outside the gate, which were called Aconitum valvereading. This kind of decoration showed the prominent status of the gardenowner.
Wangshiyuan residence has three entrances, and its scale is not large. Theentrance hall first has to go through the threshold that can be installed orpulled out. Thinking about how busy the threshold was 800 years ago, the VIPcame, the servants pulled down the threshold busily, and the VIP left, and theninstalled it busily. The entrance hall, or sedan hall, was the place where sedanchairs were parked in the old days. After entering the hall, there are two longLai benches on the left and right, which can also be used as benches. This kindof stool, which is symmetrically displayed on both sides, gives a neat anddignified visual effect as soon as you enter the door. The sedan chair hall usedto be the place where the host of the guests dropped the sedan chair. Generallyspeaking, they can sit here to wait for tea, so the sedan chair hall is commonlyknown as the tea hall. In the middle of the hall is a plaque of "early arrivalin the morning", which was written by Zhang Xinjia, a famous modern calligrapherand painter in Suzhou. "Qingneng" is the feudal dynasty officials flaunt moralcharacter, in today's words is clean government, both ability and politicalintegrity; "zaoda" refers to the early developed meaning. On the east side ofthe hall, there is a sedan chair, which is made of mahogany and bamboo. Thereare many bat patterns on the sedan chair, symbolizing happiness. The front ofthe sedan hall is equipped with a partition door and brown paint. At the top ofthe hall, there is a brick family hall dedicated to the ancestral tablet. Thebrick carving has a history of 700 years. In the east of the hall, there is asecluded Lane leading to the inner hall, and in the west of the hall, there is abrick gate of "wangshixiaozhu", which leads to the main garden of mountains andwaters in the middle.
The hall is also called Jishan hall. In the middle of the hall, there is aplaque of "wanjuan hall" written by Wen Zhengming, one of the four great talentsof the Ming Dynasty. This silent language tells people that the master is worthyof scholarly status. He not only keeps wanjuan books at home, but also hangs onboth sides a couplet written by Zhang Xinjia, which reads "the rain of mountainsrises in the night, and the snow of valleys rises in the spring". The hall isfive rooms wide. It is the main place for the owner to entertain and receiveguests. If there are three generations in the same room, the central position isgrandfather and grandmother, the east side is parents, and the two sides arechildren; if there are visitors, according to the custom that the East isexpensive, the guest will sit in the East, and the host will sit in the West.There is a bronze drum in the middle for decoration. The East and west walls ofthe hall are decorated with marble landscape screens, and the hall is decoratedwith Ming style mahogany furniture. On the natural table are displayed theancient porcelain, arched stone and plug-in screen collected by the owner toshow the owner's cultural quality and interest. You see, the main hall hassquare beams and curved rafters, and the beams are carved with decorativepatterns of flowers. The front porch has long gooseneck rafters and 18 floorlong windows. The front of the hall is equipped with a row of 18 white painteddoors, which not only unifies the color of the wall, increases the lightness ofthe room, but also sets off the furniture and articles displayed in the hall,and the white background clerical couplet of the two columns in front of thehall has a more echo effect. In short, the whole hall has a broad plane, a tallfacade and a grand and solemn overall image. The layout of the hall stillmaintains a completely symmetrical pattern on the left and right, highlightingthe natural table, table, square table and chair in the center of the hall, andthe plaque, hall pair and couplet in the middle of the front also have thefinishing effect. In addition, the hanging of palace lanterns and murals in thespace, the hanging of marble inlaid strip screen, the square shape and theexquisite mahogany imitation furniture make the atmosphere of the hall betterMore serene, quiet and solemn.
The courtyard in front of the hall is symmetrical in East and West. Twomagnolias are planted, implying the wealth of Yutang. In spring, magnoliaflowers bloom in front of the hall, which means far-reaching. Magnolia, whichblooms in early spring, is also known as spring flower. It is the most famousand popular flower among the plants given to Europe by China.
Facing the south of the hall is an exquisitely carved brick gate building.The gate building was built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. It is about 6meters high, 3.2 meters wide and 1 meter thick. The brick carvings on the gatebuilding are carved with chisels and planers on delicate green bricks by usingflat carving, relief carving, engraving and hollow carving techniques. Withvivid historical figures, birds, animals and flowers, it is worthy of the titleof "the first gate of Jiangnan". The gatehouse is full of creeper patterns. Thecreeper plants grow and spread continuously. People place its prosperous andlong-term auspicious meaning on it. In the middle of the gate is a stele. It isengraved with "zaoyao Gaoxiang". Algae is aquatic plants, algae Yao refers togorgeous literary style, high flying means flying high. On the left side is athree-dimensional picture of Guo Ziyi's shangshou opera. As you can see, GuoZiyi is sitting in the main hall with a beard and chest hanging. Eight civil andmilitary officials are standing in turn, some holding tributes, some holdingweapons, potted flowers in the hall, and a pair of stone lions in front of thedoor. Guo Ziyi lived eighty-four years. Her eight sons and seven sons-in-lawwere all officials of the imperial court, which can be described as greatvirtuous. Therefore, this brick carving of Guo Ziyi's longevity means "bothhappiness and longevity". On the left is a three-dimensional picture of KingWen's visit to sages. You see, Jiang Ziya has a long beard and a chest. He sitson the Weihe River in a solemn manner. King Wen of Zhou kneels down on one kneeto seek virtue, and ministers of culture and military support him. Some of themlead horses, and some of them hold weapons. This is the scene of King Wen ofZhou's visit to Jiang Ziya. King Wen is famous for his great virtues, and JiangZiya is famous for his great sages. Therefore, King Wen's visits to sages aremore complete than Yu's. The following is a bat pattern, with lion rolling balland flower patterns on both sides. There are three "Shou" characters in it,which symbolize the three stars of happiness, wealth and longevity. Happinessmeans five blessings, wealth means high official wealth, and longevity meanslong life.
Passing through the hall is the five room inner hall with compartments,commonly known as the women's hall. The big plaque under the beam frame is blackon a green background. It is called "Jiexiu building", which was written by YuYue, a famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. Pick is pick, pick meaning, pickshow is to take the meaning of beauty. In ancient times, the houses in Suzhouwere relatively low. Most of them had only one floor. Therefore, when you go toJiexiu building, you can have a panoramic view of the whole garden. Overlookingfrom afar, Tianping mountain, Lingyan mountain, the top of the mountain pagoda,Ruiguang tower and so on appear in front of the window. In the women's hall, inaddition to chairs, tea tables and other furniture, there is a set of exquisitemahogany round stool in the center, which makes the furnishings show a newscene. The bed with marble inlaid on the front and foot on the bottom has astrong flavor of family life. The hall is exquisitely decorated, with floorcovers hanging and windows carved with flowers, birds and insects. There are twoosmanthus plants in the courtyard in front of the building, one is goldenosmanthus in the East, and the other is silver osmanthus in the West. It has adelicate fragrance in autumn and is known as jiulixiang. Golden osmanthus isgolden and silver osmanthus is white. According to ancient myths and legends,there are jade osmanthus trees in the Moon Palace. In ancient China, the numberone scholar in the examination was known as the toad palace. Sweet scentedosmanthus is fragrant, elegant and noble. It has its own name of Xianyou andXianke. Sweet scented osmanthus can be described as "the fragrance is not equalto the fragrance, and no flower in the world dares to fight for fragrance.". Thewomen's hall was built in the Guangxu period of the late Qing Dynasty (1896). Ithas a small volume and a low building. It is the living place of the owner ofthe garden. It connects with a small garden at the back. It is a more reserved,comfortable and comfortable living environment. The furnishings here are full ofthe characteristics of the old women's activities.
On the north side of the courtyard, there is a small pavilion, namedtiyunshi. On the west wall in front of the tiyunshi courtyard, there is a peakcave rockery made of Lake stones. There is a zigzag climbing road leading to thelibrary. Here we borrow the ladder cloud to get the meaning of the moon. Thisroom is a two-story building, which used to be the inner room of thekindergarten owner's children. There are six floor to floor flower windows inthe north and south of the pavilion. The flower window skirt board is engravedwith flowers, landscapes and landscape patterns. Among them, there is a floor tofloor flying hood, which is carved with double-sided magpie and plum pictures.It is vivid and exquisitely made. The magpie is the auspicious bird of primrose,the magpie calls, the happy event arrives, the metaphor happy event, the plumblossom is the Primrose Flower, the plum blossom and the happy event areconnected together, indicates the joy to the eyebrow (plum) tip. Spring plum,crabapple, pomegranate, Chimonanthus praecox, green bamboo, black pine, crapemyrtle and other ornamental flowers and trees are planted in the courtyard. Theheight is scattered and the four seasons are pleasant. In particular, thegraceful bird does not stay at home. It is evergreen all the year round. Itssmall flowers and fruits are dazzling and thought-provoking. If you look at theshop floor, there are patterns of lotus and fish net. One is to make up for thelack of water in the East. The other is to point to the master's garden. Thereare also patterns of bats and cranes. Bats are homophonic with happiness, sobats express happiness. What we see now is the form of flying bats and cloudstogether, which shows that people pray for happiness and fall from the sky likebats Good wishes. As the old saying goes, the crane is not old pine, so thecrane is always young and long-lived.
Now we have finished visiting the residential area of wangshiyuan. As weall know, housing is an integral part of the garden. In the feudal society ofChina, its pattern was restricted by the Confucian "three cardinal guides andfive constant principles". It was mainly symmetrical in the middle axis,highlighting the position of respect and putting the position of respect in thecentral position. The inferior and subordinate people were listed on both sidesor behind. isn't it? You see, the front and back three entrance hall of Tongshigarden is the sedan hall, which used to be the place for the owner and guests toget off the sedan chair; the second entrance hall is the hall, which can arriveearly in the morning, faces the South and is in the middle, and has a highelevation. It is the main place for the former owner to have festive banquets,discuss family affairs and receive guests; the third entrance hall is the innerhall, which used to be the gathering place for the family members. The backcourtyard of the women's hall is a terrace room, which is located on theextension line of the north-south axis, and occupies the lowest position in thenorth. It is the inner room of the master's children. The main part of the houseand garden is balanced and regular. The three entrance open hall and the backcourtyard are on the same central axis in turn. They are symmetrical andcoordinated, emphasizing the hierarchy and the superiority and inferiority, andthe mean and peace. This symmetrical and orderly layout gives people a balanced,even, neat vision, and ultimately a harmonious aesthetic feeling. I wonder ifyou have noticed that there is always a patio between the halls. Why raise?First, it is convenient for daylighting. In ancient times, there was noelectricity. In rainy days, it was dark indoors. Second, it is convenient fordrainage. There are several gullies in the patio. Therefore, no matter how heavythe rain is, it is not easy to accumulate water. Third, it is conducive to thepeople in the hall to breathe fresh air and the aroma is strong. Suzhouresidence has high roof ridge, large entrance depth, thin wall, deep eaves andsimple and elegant appearance. White walls, grey tiles and black, brown, darkgreen and other colored wood frame work together and are reflected in the greenwater, forming a bright style of Jiangnan Water Town style painting.
Looking to the West from the small gate on the west side of the courtyardbehind Jiexiu building, I feel that the courtyard is a little deep. As you movetowards the west, you will see an independent courtyard. This is the former siteof wanjuan Hall of Shi Zhengzhi, the master of the Southern Song Dynasty. It hasfive rooms in width. The library used to be the master's book collection andreading room, and the reading and painting building is on the upper floor. Therelative courtyard of the library is wider in the east-west direction. In frontof it is the north wall of Jiexiu building. The gardener used the high wall asthe powder, and stacked a peculiar shape of Lake rock rockery, which isprecipitous and beautiful. Li Bai, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote: "thefive old peaks in the southeast of Lushan Mountain, the golden prize is cut bythe blue sky". The owner borrowed the "five peaks" to Title The book house.Visitors see the mountain as the afterblood of Yungang, giving people abeautiful Association. The interior of Wufeng library is spacious and bright,with only a low wall in the South and large windows in the upper part. One is toincrease indoor lighting, and the other is to better appreciate Fengshi. Thereis a tall magnolia tree beside the rockery in front of the court. It has flowersall over the court in spring. What is particularly precious is that there isalso a top-quality camellia tree in the flower bed, which is called "ThirteenTaibao". When this camellia tree is in full bloom, it blooms 13 different colorsof flowers, including red, pink and white, which is unique in Suzhou gardens.Wufeng library is a relatively independent courtyard. It is behind Jiexiubuilding, but it is not on the same central axis, but slightly to the northwest,which is quite particular. It connects the buildings in the north of Caixia poolwith the eastern residential area in a transitional way. Wufeng library is atwo-story building, with a corridor in front of the house, a half Pavilion inthe East, and a pole outside the bamboo in the West. The two portals are verysmall. One is to make people feel unique, and the other is to maintain theoverall closeness of the east courtyard and the West pole outside the bamboo, soas not to cause "air leakage" in these two scenic spots.
Next to the west of Wufeng library is the three Bay hall, named jixuzhai.This is the place where the master of the garden studies to cultivate his mind.Jixu is full of Taoist thoughts. "Jixu" comes from Zhuangzi. The world of theworld: "only those who have knowledge of Jixu can have Xinzhai." Xu "refers tothe clear and clear state in the heart," Xinzhai "is the place to nourish theheart. That is to say, he must unify his mind and mind, get rid of distractions,and listen attentively to the outside world, even with "Qi". Zhuangzi used it topreach his nihility and obedience philosophy. Here, the owner of the garden usedit to flaunt his high and pure character, which has nothing to do with theworld. It shows the artistic conception of yearning for the seclusion offishermen and woodcutters. The interior furnishings of jixuzhai are elegant. Thecalligraphy and painting Manying with the theme of bamboo echoes with a poleoutside the bamboo. Standing in the middle of the courtyard, you can cover apole outside the bamboo with a moon cave door. There is a three-dimensionalpicture of Yungang with a circle outside and a square inside. There is abuilding on the top of it. You can see the scenery in the garden. No wondernearly 10 negotiations between China and Singapore in Suzhou Industrial Parkfrom April 15, 1992 to February 21, 1994 were held in the upstairs of missjixuzhai, wangshiyuan. Lee Kuan Yew and his wife have been here twice. Onewriter wrote: Net master Garden